Early Efforts to End Slavery
1. The spirit of reform also brought abolitionists like Garrison and Douglass, who were eagar to abolish slavery.
2. Although the Northern states had ended slavery by the early 1800s, Southerners refused to stop the use of slaves.
3. Many people, especially Quakers, were part of the antislavery movement and tried to spread their views of the conflict by the use of newspapers.
American Colonization Society
1. In 1816, the American Colonization Society, who focused on the relocation of slaves to Africa or the Caribbean, was founded by a group of Virginians.
2. Some African Americans were sent to Liberia, and they continued to accept slaves even after they became an independent country and the Civil War ended.
3. However, slavery continued to grow as they resettled African Americans and many simply wanted to be freed into American society.
2. Although the Northern states had ended slavery by the early 1800s, Southerners refused to stop the use of slaves.
3. Many people, especially Quakers, were part of the antislavery movement and tried to spread their views of the conflict by the use of newspapers.
American Colonization Society
1. In 1816, the American Colonization Society, who focused on the relocation of slaves to Africa or the Caribbean, was founded by a group of Virginians.
2. Some African Americans were sent to Liberia, and they continued to accept slaves even after they became an independent country and the Civil War ended.
3. However, slavery continued to grow as they resettled African Americans and many simply wanted to be freed into American society.
The Movement Changes
1. Unfortunately, the number of slaves continued to increase as the cottom boom in the Deep South took place.
2. Starting in the 1830s, the antislavery movement became an urgent issue for abolitionists and reformers.
3. Reformers decided to use a different approach when they realized that the resettlement of African Americans was failing.
William Lloyd Garrison
1. After working for an antislavery newspaper in Massachusetts, William Lloyd Garrison returned to Boston in 1831 to found his own newspaper, The Liberator.
2. Instead of a gradual approach, Garrison supported the immediate emancipation of African American slaves.
3. By 1838, Garrison had already helped start 1,000 different antislavery branches, includidng the New England Antislavery Society and the American Antislavery Society.
The Grimké Sisters
1. Although born to a slaveholding family, both Sarah and Angelina Grimké were against slavery.
2. When given a part of their family inheritance, the two sisters asked for several slaves, who they immediately freed.
3. In 1839, Angelina Grimké and her husband, Theodore Weld wrote an account of life under slavery called American Slavery As It Is.
African American Abolitionists
1.The freed African Americans in the North were usually abolitionists, living in poverty and constant fear of white Americans.
2. Many of them, like David Walker, took active roles in the antislavery movement and promoted abolition in newspapers.
3. In 1830, African American abolitionists met in Philadelphia to discuss the living conditions for African Americans.
Frederick Douglass
1. In 1838, Frederick Douglass escaped from slavery in Maryland and ran away to New York after learning to read and write.
2. Frederick Douglass joined the Massachusetts Antislavery Society, began speaking to others on the issue of slavery, and worked on a newspaper known as the North Star.
3. In 1847, his friends helped Douglass purchase his freedom from his previous master in Maryland.
Sojourner Truth
1. Sojourner Truth was the name of Isabella "Belle" Baumfree, a former slave from New York that lived in the cellar of a slaveholder's house.
2. After escaping in 1826, Belle gained her official freedom in 1827 when New York banned slavery.
3. Sojourner Truth began working with the abolitionist and women's rights movements.
2. Starting in the 1830s, the antislavery movement became an urgent issue for abolitionists and reformers.
3. Reformers decided to use a different approach when they realized that the resettlement of African Americans was failing.
William Lloyd Garrison
1. After working for an antislavery newspaper in Massachusetts, William Lloyd Garrison returned to Boston in 1831 to found his own newspaper, The Liberator.
2. Instead of a gradual approach, Garrison supported the immediate emancipation of African American slaves.
3. By 1838, Garrison had already helped start 1,000 different antislavery branches, includidng the New England Antislavery Society and the American Antislavery Society.
The Grimké Sisters
1. Although born to a slaveholding family, both Sarah and Angelina Grimké were against slavery.
2. When given a part of their family inheritance, the two sisters asked for several slaves, who they immediately freed.
3. In 1839, Angelina Grimké and her husband, Theodore Weld wrote an account of life under slavery called American Slavery As It Is.
African American Abolitionists
1.The freed African Americans in the North were usually abolitionists, living in poverty and constant fear of white Americans.
2. Many of them, like David Walker, took active roles in the antislavery movement and promoted abolition in newspapers.
3. In 1830, African American abolitionists met in Philadelphia to discuss the living conditions for African Americans.
Frederick Douglass
1. In 1838, Frederick Douglass escaped from slavery in Maryland and ran away to New York after learning to read and write.
2. Frederick Douglass joined the Massachusetts Antislavery Society, began speaking to others on the issue of slavery, and worked on a newspaper known as the North Star.
3. In 1847, his friends helped Douglass purchase his freedom from his previous master in Maryland.
Sojourner Truth
1. Sojourner Truth was the name of Isabella "Belle" Baumfree, a former slave from New York that lived in the cellar of a slaveholder's house.
2. After escaping in 1826, Belle gained her official freedom in 1827 when New York banned slavery.
3. Sojourner Truth began working with the abolitionist and women's rights movements.
The Underground Railroad
1. Guided by the North Star, the Underground Railroad was a series of escape routes that guided slaves toward safety in the North.
2. Using songs like "Follow the Drinkin' Gourd", runaways followed a string of stations where they could rest before leaving during the night on foot or hidden in wagons.
3. Even though it only helped a small percentage of the enslaved population, the Underground Railroad and its conductors, such as Harriet Tubman, worked hard to free any number of slaves.
Clashes Over Abolitionism
1. The antislavery movement initiated a strong reaction to abolitionism.
2. Many Southerners opposed the antislavery movement because the South's way of life depended heavily on the enslaved population.
3. Surprisingly, many Northerners also opposed the abolitionist movement.
Opposition in the North
1. Many Northerners feared a war between the North and the South, and believed that the African Americans slaves would never blend into American society even if freed.
2. The opposition to abolitionism even led to violence and threats towards antislavery movements and abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison.
3. Elijah Lovejoy, the editor of an Illinois abolitionist newspaper, escaped from a burning building only to be shot and killed by a mob waiting outside.
The South Reacts
1. Southerners argued that slaves were essential to the Southern way of life and that they were even treated better than Northern workers.
2. Others also argued that African Americans were better off as slaves under white care than on their own.
3. While the issue of slavery continued to grow, a women's rights movement also began to bloom in the U.S. at about the same time.
2. Using songs like "Follow the Drinkin' Gourd", runaways followed a string of stations where they could rest before leaving during the night on foot or hidden in wagons.
3. Even though it only helped a small percentage of the enslaved population, the Underground Railroad and its conductors, such as Harriet Tubman, worked hard to free any number of slaves.
Clashes Over Abolitionism
1. The antislavery movement initiated a strong reaction to abolitionism.
2. Many Southerners opposed the antislavery movement because the South's way of life depended heavily on the enslaved population.
3. Surprisingly, many Northerners also opposed the abolitionist movement.
Opposition in the North
1. Many Northerners feared a war between the North and the South, and believed that the African Americans slaves would never blend into American society even if freed.
2. The opposition to abolitionism even led to violence and threats towards antislavery movements and abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison.
3. Elijah Lovejoy, the editor of an Illinois abolitionist newspaper, escaped from a burning building only to be shot and killed by a mob waiting outside.
The South Reacts
1. Southerners argued that slaves were essential to the Southern way of life and that they were even treated better than Northern workers.
2. Others also argued that African Americans were better off as slaves under white care than on their own.
3. While the issue of slavery continued to grow, a women's rights movement also began to bloom in the U.S. at about the same time.