A Clash of Cultures
1. After Davy Crockett lost his seat in Congress in 1835, he chose to go to Texas instead of returning to Tennesee.
2. Crockett hoped to make a fresh start by helping the Texans win their indepedence from Mexico.
3. In1803, Americans claimed that Texas was part of the Louisiana Territory but agreed to release its claims in the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819.
Land Grants
1. At the time, Texas was occupied by about 3,000 Tejanos and several Native American tribes.
2. To increase the population, the Spanish offered land to those who brought their families to live in Texas. These people, such as Moses Austin, were known as empresarios.
3. After Moses Austin died of pneumonia, his son, Stephen F. Austin organized the colony that his father had attempted to establish and recruited 300 settlers, also known as the Old Three Hundred, to settle along the fertile Brazos and Colorado Rivers.
4. From 1823 to 1835, Mexico passed three colonization laws to attract more settlers from all over, many who became Spanish-speaking citizens of Mexico and converted to Catholicism.
Growing Tension
1. By 1830, the American settlers outnumbered the Mexican population and the Mexican government passed a decree stopping all immigration from the U.S. and encouraging the immigration of Mexican and European settlers.
2. Many citizens grew angry at their decisions, especially when the government placed a tax on imported American goods.
3. In the meantime, the U.S. offered to buy Texas from the Mexicans two times.
Attempt at Reconcilation
1. In 1833, when General Antonio López de Santa Anna was appointed president of Mexico, Stephen F. Austin traveled to Mexico City as a representative from Texas to ask for the removal of the ban on American immigration and to request that Texas be made a seperate state.
2. Austin was thrown in jail when his letter to the Texans about the plans for independence was intercepted by the government after his second request was refused.
3. Santa Anna overthrew the Mexican constitution of 1824 and named himself the dictator of Mexico.
2. Crockett hoped to make a fresh start by helping the Texans win their indepedence from Mexico.
3. In1803, Americans claimed that Texas was part of the Louisiana Territory but agreed to release its claims in the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819.
Land Grants
1. At the time, Texas was occupied by about 3,000 Tejanos and several Native American tribes.
2. To increase the population, the Spanish offered land to those who brought their families to live in Texas. These people, such as Moses Austin, were known as empresarios.
3. After Moses Austin died of pneumonia, his son, Stephen F. Austin organized the colony that his father had attempted to establish and recruited 300 settlers, also known as the Old Three Hundred, to settle along the fertile Brazos and Colorado Rivers.
4. From 1823 to 1835, Mexico passed three colonization laws to attract more settlers from all over, many who became Spanish-speaking citizens of Mexico and converted to Catholicism.
Growing Tension
1. By 1830, the American settlers outnumbered the Mexican population and the Mexican government passed a decree stopping all immigration from the U.S. and encouraging the immigration of Mexican and European settlers.
2. Many citizens grew angry at their decisions, especially when the government placed a tax on imported American goods.
3. In the meantime, the U.S. offered to buy Texas from the Mexicans two times.
Attempt at Reconcilation
1. In 1833, when General Antonio López de Santa Anna was appointed president of Mexico, Stephen F. Austin traveled to Mexico City as a representative from Texas to ask for the removal of the ban on American immigration and to request that Texas be made a seperate state.
2. Austin was thrown in jail when his letter to the Texans about the plans for independence was intercepted by the government after his second request was refused.
3. Santa Anna overthrew the Mexican constitution of 1824 and named himself the dictator of Mexico.
The Struggle for Independence
1. In 1835, Santa Anna sent an army to punish the Texans and sieze weapons like the cannon at the town of Gozales. The struggle to defend the cannon from the Mexican troops became known as the first fight of the Texan Revolution.
2. With Davy Crockett and many other volunteers helping, the Texans helped Captain Juan Seguín liberate San Antonio.
3. However, many left San Antonio while the others fought for power when they should have been preparing to face the Mexicans.
The Battle of the Alamo
1. Santa Anna marched several thousand soldiers to San Antonio to meet a small Texan force of 180 men trying to barricade the Alamo.
2. With the help of Davy Crockett, Jim Bowie, and William B. Travis, the men held Alamo for 12 days until they recieved the help of 32 volunteers from Gonzales.
3. On March 6, 1836, the Mexicans launched an all-our attack and entered the fortress, kiling everyone except for a few of the lucky women, children, and servants, but the defenders of the Alamo had bought the Texans some time.
Texas Declares Its Independence
1. On March 2, 1836, Texas declared independence from Mexico and estavlished the Republic of Texas.
2. The Texas Declaration of Independence stated that the Mexican government had violated their rights and had met their protests with force.
3. The Texans set up a temporary government and elected David G. Burnet and Lorenzo de Zavala as their president and vice president, and Sam Houston as commander of Texas forces.
4. As the troops at Goliad retreated, they ran into General Urrea and surrendered to the Mexicans, resulting in their execution. This became known as the Goliad Massacre.
The Battle of San Jacinto
1. Six weeks after the Alamo, Houston gathered 900 troops and lauched a surprise attack on Santa Anna's army of 1,300 troops.
2.On May 15, 1836, Santa Anna agreed to sign a treaty recognizing Texas' Declaration of Independence.
2. With Davy Crockett and many other volunteers helping, the Texans helped Captain Juan Seguín liberate San Antonio.
3. However, many left San Antonio while the others fought for power when they should have been preparing to face the Mexicans.
The Battle of the Alamo
1. Santa Anna marched several thousand soldiers to San Antonio to meet a small Texan force of 180 men trying to barricade the Alamo.
2. With the help of Davy Crockett, Jim Bowie, and William B. Travis, the men held Alamo for 12 days until they recieved the help of 32 volunteers from Gonzales.
3. On March 6, 1836, the Mexicans launched an all-our attack and entered the fortress, kiling everyone except for a few of the lucky women, children, and servants, but the defenders of the Alamo had bought the Texans some time.
Texas Declares Its Independence
1. On March 2, 1836, Texas declared independence from Mexico and estavlished the Republic of Texas.
2. The Texas Declaration of Independence stated that the Mexican government had violated their rights and had met their protests with force.
3. The Texans set up a temporary government and elected David G. Burnet and Lorenzo de Zavala as their president and vice president, and Sam Houston as commander of Texas forces.
4. As the troops at Goliad retreated, they ran into General Urrea and surrendered to the Mexicans, resulting in their execution. This became known as the Goliad Massacre.
The Battle of San Jacinto
1. Six weeks after the Alamo, Houston gathered 900 troops and lauched a surprise attack on Santa Anna's army of 1,300 troops.
2.On May 15, 1836, Santa Anna agreed to sign a treaty recognizing Texas' Declaration of Independence.
The Lone Star Republic
1. In the Septemer of 1836, Sam Houston and Mirabeau Lamar was elected as the president and vice president of the Republic of Texas.
2. Houston sent a delegation to Washington D.C. to request for the United States to annex Texas.
3. President Andrew Jackson refused and Texas remained as an independent country.
The Question of Annexation
1. The Mexican government refused to accept Santa Anna's decision and continued to fight with the Texans.
2. Because of the continuous fighting, Texas had a huge debt and no money to repay it.
3. Although the Texans and the Southerners of the U.S. approved the annexation of Texas, the Northerners did not, and President Martin Van Buren refused to annex Texas as well.
4. When President John Tyler took over in 1841, he tried to persuade Texas to reapply for annexation although the Senate was divided over the issue.
Texas Becomes a State
1. When James Polk won the presidential election of 1844, a proposal to annex Texas was finally passed.
2. Texas became a state on December 29, 1845.
2. Houston sent a delegation to Washington D.C. to request for the United States to annex Texas.
3. President Andrew Jackson refused and Texas remained as an independent country.
The Question of Annexation
1. The Mexican government refused to accept Santa Anna's decision and continued to fight with the Texans.
2. Because of the continuous fighting, Texas had a huge debt and no money to repay it.
3. Although the Texans and the Southerners of the U.S. approved the annexation of Texas, the Northerners did not, and President Martin Van Buren refused to annex Texas as well.
4. When President John Tyler took over in 1841, he tried to persuade Texas to reapply for annexation although the Senate was divided over the issue.
Texas Becomes a State
1. When James Polk won the presidential election of 1844, a proposal to annex Texas was finally passed.
2. Texas became a state on December 29, 1845.